GLYTAS: Gliclazide 80mg Tablet
GLYTAS XR: Gliclazide Modified Release 30/60mg Tablet
GLYTAS MXR: Gliclazide 30, 60mg (Modified Release)+Metformin 500mg (Extended Release) Tablet
GLYTAS MF: Gliclazide 80mg+Metformin 500mg Tablet
GLYTAS: Gliclazide 80mg Tablet
GLYTAS XR: Gliclazide Modified Release 30/60mg Tablet
GLYTAS MXR: Gliclazide 30, 60mg (Modified Release)+Metformin 500mg (Extended Release) Tablet
GLYTAS MF: Gliclazide 80mg+Metformin 500mg Tablet
Post Prandial hyperglycemia
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
How it works
Gliclazide is a second generation sulphonylurea which acts as a hypoglycemic agent. It stimulates β cells of the islet of Langerhans in the pancreas to release insulin. It also enhances peripheral insulin sensitivity. Overall, it potentiates insulin release and improves insulin dynamics. Gliclazide binds to the β cell sulfonyl urea receptor (SUR1). This binding subsequently blocks the ATP sensitive potassium channels. The binding results in closure of the channels and leads to a resulting decrease in potassium efflux leads to depolarization of the β cells. This opens voltage-dependent calcium channels in the β cell resulting in calmodulin activation, which in turn leads to exocytosis of insulin containing secretorty granules.
Metformin decreases blood glucose levels by decreasing hepatic glucose production, decreasing intestinal absorption of glucose, and improving insulin sensitivity by increasing peripheral glucose uptake and utilization. These effects are mediated by the initial activation by metformin of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a liver enzyme that plays an important role in insulin signaling, whole body energy balance, and the metabolism of glucose and fats. Activation of AMPK is required for metformin’s inhibitory effect on the production of glucose by liver cells. Increased peripheral utilization of glucose may be due to improved insulin binding to insulin receptors. Metformin administration also increases AMPK activity in skeletal muscle. AMPK is known to cause GLUT4 deployment to the plasma membrane, resulting in insulin-independent glucose uptake.
Indications
Post Prandial hyperglycemia
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Dosage
1-2 Tab just before meals.
Side Effects
GLICLAZIDE
GI disturbances, skin reaction, leucopenia, thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis, haemolytic anaemia, cholestatic jaundice, vomiting, diarrhoea, gastritis, increased transaminases.
METFORMIN
Anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, weight loss, flatulence, occasional metallic taste; weakness; hypoglycemia; rash, malabsorption of Vit B12. Chest discomfort, flushing, palpitation, chills, headache, lightheadedness, indigestion, abdominal discomfort.
Contraindication
GLICLAZIDE
Type 1 DM, diabetes complicated with ketoacidosis; hypersensitivity; severe renal and hepatic impairment. Pregnancy and lactation.
METFORMIN
Acute or chronic metabolic acidosis with or without coma (including diabetic ketoacidosis). Renal failure, severe renal or hepatic impairment, acute conditions which may affect renal function e.g. dehydration, severe infection or shock. Cardiac failure, CHF, IDDM, severe impairment of thyroid function; acute or chronic alcoholism. Acute or chronic diseases which may cause tissue hypoxia e.g. cardiac or respiratory failure, recent MI or shock. Pregnancy, lactation.
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