Angina, acute myocardial infarction, acute coronary artery spasms
How it works
The principal pharmacological action of nitroglycerin is relaxation of vascular smooth muscle. Nitroglycerin forms free radical nitric oxide (NO) which activates guanylate cyclase, resulting in an increase of guanosine 3’5′ monophosphate (cyclic GMP) in smooth muscle and other tissues. These events lead to dephosphorylation of myosin light chains, which regulate the contractile state in smooth muscle, and result in vasodilation.
Indications
Angina, acute myocardial infarction, acute coronary artery spasms
Dosage
OD/BD as per patient’s requirement
Side Effects
Throbbing headache, dizziness, nausea, weakness, sweating, increased bowel movement.
Contraindication
Nitroglycerin is contraindicated in patients who are allergic to it.
Patients who are using certain drugs for erectile dysfunction (e.g. sildenafil citrate).
Concomitant use with phosphodiesterase type-5 inhibitors (eg. Sildenafil citrate)
Pregnancy
FDA pregnancy category C drug.
There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Nitroglycerin should be given to a pregnant woman only if clearly needed.
Lactation
Nursing Mothers: Caution should be exercised when nitroglycerin is administered to a nursing woman.
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